The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) approved a large-scale nuclear expansion project in early November, marking the first major permitting decision of its kind in decades ¹.

The United States and Australia formalized an $8.5 billion rare earth and critical minerals agreement on October 20, just weeks after China expanded export controls on key strategic materials ¹.

As global leaders gathered for COP28 in Dubai in the third week of October 2025, attention shifted from headline pledges to practical delivery. Climate conferences often generate ambitious targets, but this year’s discussions placed stronger emphasis on implementation.

Gold and silver are trading at record levels in October following a series of documented geopolitical and macroeconomic developments.

A new international health report released in mid October 2025 has renewed concern about antibiotic resistance, warning that one in six common bacterial infections is now difficult to treat with standard medicines.

For more than six decades, astrophysicists have puzzled over the origin of ultra high energy cosmic rays. These particles, which travel through space at nearly the speed of light, strike Earth with energies far greater than those produced in human made particle accelerators. Yet their exact source has remained uncertain.

Bitcoin climbed to a record $126,080 on October 6, marking a major milestone for the digital asset market.

On 29 September 2025, health organisations across the world marked World Heart Day with a simple message: cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death globally, yet many cases are preventable.

After nearly 20 years of negotiations, the world finally has a legal framework to protect the two-thirds of ocean that belongs to no one — and to regulate what happens there.